Microservice vs. Monolithic Architecture: Differences and Selection Factors
What do you imagine when you hear the word "monolith"? Maybe a huge stone block with ancient writings? However, the associative series is of no importance now, because today we will talk about the types of architectures. We will figure out how monolithic and microservice applications differ, what are the pros and cons of each approach and when it is worth switching to microservices.
From the name itself, you can guess that microservice architecture involves dividing an application into many separately working components. At the same time, microservices within the product are weakly connected to each other and can work autonomously.
This approach has become especially popular since clouds became popular. This is not surprising wordpress web design agency microservice architecture is relevant specifically for cloud-native applications.
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Monoliths are the opposite of microservices. Applications with a monolithic architecture are initially created as something single and indivisible. Although they may consist of a wide range of modules, the connection between them is so strong that if one module breaks, problems will arise with the entire application. All the logic for processing requests within a monolithic application is a single process.
This is how you can schematically imagine the structure of a monolithic application.
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Despite the diversity of business functionalities, they all represent one block. This approach to development has certain limitations and disadvantages.
Duration of application build and subsequent deployment
If you suddenly want to add a new feature to the monolith or perform an update, you will have to redeploy the application. This will take more time and effort than updating an individual component.
Difficulties with scaling
The problem here is similar. The entire application will have to be scaled anyway, even if it is only a specific component that actually requires it.
Low fault tolerance
When one of the modules of a monolithic application fails, it affects the functionality of the entire product. The reason for this is too close and strong connections between different components.
Restrictions on the introduction of new technologies
The monolith developer will, unfortunately, be bound by the previously chosen technology stack, even if solutions outside this set are more suitable for some components.
Low time-to-market for new releases
As you may remember, to add new functionality or features, you will have to update the entire application. Unfortunately, this factor negatively affects the frequency of receiving updates. In some cases, to minimize this effect, developers resort to increasing the number of changes in one release. And this significantly increases the risk of failures.
Management difficulties
Typically, a monolithic application is developed by a large team. Regardless of what a specific group of developers is responsible for, they will have to master the expertise of colleagues from other groups. Over time, managing such a team becomes more and more difficult.
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